Vocabulary Learning via Dual-Subtitled Viewing: The Effect of Different Task Types
© 2023 KASELL All rights reserved
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
This study examined the effects of viewing dual-subtitled videos under different task conditions. The participants included 60 university students learning English from three classes. They were equally assigned to three different vocabulary-learning conditions. All participants first viewed dual-subtitled videos, then two experimental groups completed one of the learning tasks (either a sentence writing task or a fill-in-the-blank task). A comparison group did not complete any learning tasks. Participants’ immediate and delayed vocabulary gains of target words under three different task conditions were compared. The results revealed the highest level of vocabulary gains among learners engaged in sentence-writing tasks with target words. Students were only able to learn some of the target vocabulary by viewing dual-subtitled videos without engaging in any vocabulary learning task (the comparison group), but vocabulary gains were relatively small compared to those who completed a blank-filling task additionally. The findings have theoretical and pedagogical implications for vocabulary learning within the context of video-based learning.
Keywords:
dual subtitles, vocabulary learning, task type, instructed learning, audiovisual inputReferences
- Dizon, G. and B. Thanyawatpokin. 2021. Language learning with Netflix: Exploring the effects of dual subtitles on vocabulary learning and listening comprehension. Computer Assisted Language Learning Electronic Journal (CALL-EJ) 22, 52-65.
- Fievez, I., M. Montero Perez, F. Cornillie and P. Desmet. 2020. Vocabulary learning through viewing captioned or subtitled videos and the role of learner- and word-related factors. CALICO Journal 37, 233–253. [https://doi.org/10.1558/cj.39370]
- Fievez, I., M. Montero Perez, F. Cornillie and P. Desmet. 2023. Promoting incidental vocabulary learning through watching a French Netflix series with glossed captions. Computer Assisted Language Learning 36, 26-51 [https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2021.1899244]
- Gass, S., P. Winke, D. R. Isbell and J. Ahn. 2019. How captions help people learn languages: A working-memory, eye-tracking study. Language Learning & Technology 23, 84-104.
- Gesa-Vidal, F. 2019. L1/L2 Subtitled TV Series and EFL Learning: A Study on Vocabulary Acquisition and Content Comprehension at Different Proficiency Levels. Doctoral dissertation, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Hao, T., H. Sheng, Y. Ardasheva and Z. Wang. 2022. Effects of dual subtitles on Chinese students’ English learning comprehension and vocabulary learning. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher 31, 529-540. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-021-00601-w]
- Hulstijn, J. and B. Laufer. 2001. Some empirical evidence for the involvement load hypothesis in vocabulary acquisition. Language Learning 51, 539-558. [https://doi.org/10.1111/0023-8333.00164]
- Keating, G. 2008. Task effectiveness and word learning in a second language: The involvement load hypothesis on trial. Language Teaching Research 12, 365-386. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168808089922]
- Koolstra, C. M. and J. W. Beentjes. 1999. Children’s vocabulary acquisition in a foreign language through watching subtitled television programs at home. Educational Technology Research and Development 47(1), 51-60. [https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02299476]
- Lunin, M. and L. Minaeva. 2015. Translated subtitles language learning method: A new practical approach to teaching English. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences 199, 268-275. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.07.516]
- Mayer, R. E. and L. Fiorella. 2014. Principles for reducing extraneous processing in multimedia learning: Coherence, signaling, redundancy, spatial contiguity, and spatial contiguity principles. In R. E. Mayer, ed., The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning, 279-315. New York: Cambridge University Press. [https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139547369.015]
- Mayer, R. E., L. Fiorella and A. Stull. 2020. Five ways to increase the effectiveness of instructional video. Educational Technology Research and Development 68(3), 837-852. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09749-6]
- Mayer, R. E. 2001. Multimedia Learning. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Montero Perez, M. 2022. Second or foreign language learning through watching audio-visual input and the role of on-screen text. Language Teaching 55(2), 163-192. [https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444821000501]
- Montero Perez, M., W. Van Den Noortgate and P. Desmet. 2013. Captioned video for L2 listening and vocabulary learning: A meta-analysis. System 41(3), 720-739. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2013.07.013]
- Nation, I. S. P. 2012. The BNC/COCA word family lists. Retrieved from http://www.victoria.ac.nz/lals/about/staff/paul-nation, .
- Paivio, A. 1990. Bilingual cognitive representation. In A. Paivio, ed., Mental Representations: A Dual Coding Approach, 239-257. New York: Oxford University Press. [https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195066661.003.0011]
- Paivio, A. 2014. Bilingual dual coding theory and memory. In R. Heredia and J. Altarriba eds., Foundations of Bilingual Memory, 41-62. New York: Springer. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9218-4_3]
- Sweller, J. 2005. The redundancy principle in multimedia learning. In R. E. Mayer ed., The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning, 159-167. New York: Cambridge University Press. [https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511816819.011]
- Wang, Y. 2014. The Effects of L1/L2 Subtitled American TV Series on Chinese EFL Students’ Listening Comprehension. Master’s thesis, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Wang, Y. 2019. Effects of L1/L2 captioned TV programs on students’ vocabulary learning and comprehension. CALICO Journal 36, 204-224. [https://doi.org/10.1558/cj.36268]
- Wang, A. and A. Pellicer-Sánchez. 2022. Examining the effectiveness of bilingual subtitles for comprehension: An eye-tracking study. Studies in Second Language Acquisition Online First, 1-24. [https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263122000493]
- Webb, S. and M. P. Rodgers. 2009. Vocabulary demands of television programs. Language Learning 59(2), 335-366. [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2009.00509.x]
- Webb, S. 2005. Receptive and productive vocabulary learning: The effects of reading and writing on word knowledge. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 27(1), 33-52. [https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263105050023]